Spring Return Pneumatic Actuator

Maelezo Fupi:

Uhakikisho thabiti wa ubora na vyeti vya ISO/CE nk.

Timu ya kujitafutia ili kuhakikisha ubora na utafiti wa Kitendaji cha Nyumatiki.

Timu ya Kitaalam ya Uuzaji kwa kuwahudumia wateja ulimwenguni kote.

MOQ: 50pcs au Majadiliano;Muda wa Bei: EXW, FOB, CFR, CIF;Malipo: T/T, L/C.

Wakati wa Uwasilishaji: Siku 35 baada ya agizo kuthibitishwa.


Maelezo ya Bidhaa

Lebo za Bidhaa

Utangulizi wa Kitendaji cha Nyumatiki cha Kurudi kwa Majira ya kuchipua

Kitendaji cha nyumatiki cha kurudi kwa chemchemi ni kifaa chenye mchanganyiko iliyoundwa kudhibiti valves kwa kutumia harakati ya mzunguko wa shimoni la gia.Sawa na rack na pinion actuator, hutumia mwendo wa meshing wa rack na gear, inayoendeshwa na nguvu ya pistoni.

Kiwezeshaji hiki hutoa safu ya vipengele vya ajabu vinavyoboresha utendakazi na utumiaji wake.Kama mwenzake, imepata cheti cha CE, kinachosisitiza ufuasi wake kwa viwango vya ubora na usalama.Zaidi ya hayo, inatii viwango vya kimataifa, ikiwa ni pamoja na NAMUR, ISO5211, na DIN, kuhakikisha ujumuishaji usio na mshono na utangamano na anuwai ya mifumo ya vali.

Ikishirikiana na muundo uliojumuishwa, kitendaji cha nyumatiki cha kurudi kwa chemchemi hutanguliza uthabiti na ujenzi bora.Muundo wake uliobuniwa vyema huhakikisha utendakazi unaotegemewa na thabiti, hata katika hali ngumu za uendeshaji.Kwa rack mbili za pistoni na muundo wa pinion, kitendaji hiki hutoa nguvu ya kipekee ya kutoa, kuwezesha udhibiti sahihi na bora wa vali.Utaratibu wa bastola mbili huwezesha kianzishaji kutoa nguvu kubwa, kuhakikisha utendakazi bora wa vali.

Mbali na vipengele vilivyoshirikiwa na rack na actuator ya pinion, actuator ya nyumatiki ya spring kurudi ina sifa kadhaa tofauti.Inafanya kazi kwa njia ya vitendo vya ubadilishaji wa kaimu moja, inayoendeshwa tu na usambazaji wa hewa, na hatua ya kufunga inayopatikana kupitia kurudi kwa chemchemi.Utendaji huu wa kuigiza mara moja hutoa chaguo kwa usanidi wa kawaida ulio wazi na wa kawaida, kuwezesha udhibiti kamili wa mtiririko wa gesi.

Muundo wa actuator ya nyumatiki ya kurudi spring ni rahisi, na ulaji wa hewa moja tu (kutolea nje) kwa mwisho mmoja.Unyenyekevu huu hutafsiri kuwa matumizi ya hewa kidogo, na kuchangia ufanisi wa gharama na kuokoa nishati.Kuweka upya kianzishaji kunatimizwa kupitia nguvu ya chemchemi au nguvu ya diaphragm.Sehemu ya nishati ya hewa iliyobanwa hutumika kushinda mvutano wa majira ya kuchipua au ukinzani wa kiwambo, na hivyo kusababisha kupunguzwa kwa nguvu ya kutoa fimbo ya pistoni.

Silinda ya kitendaji hiki huhifadhi chemchemi, diaphragm, na vipengele vingine muhimu, na kusababisha urefu wa kiharusi kifupi kwa ujumla.Kwa kulinganisha na watendaji wa nyumatiki wa nyumatiki wa ukubwa sawa, kiharusi cha ufanisi cha actuator ya spring kurudi ni kiasi kidogo.Zaidi ya hayo, mvutano wa chemchemi ya kurudi kwa silinda na diaphragm inatofautiana na deformation, na hivyo kuathiri nguvu ya pato ya fimbo ya pistoni wakati wa kusafiri.

Bidhaa Spring Return Pneumatic Actuator
Muundo Rack na Pinion Rotary Actuator
Angle ya Rotary 0-90 Digrii
Shinikizo la Ugavi wa Hewa 2.5-8 Baa
Nyenzo ya Mwili wa Kitendaji Aloi ya Alumini
Matibabu ya uso Oxidation ya Anode ngumu
Joto la Uendeshaji Halijoto ya Kawaida:-20℃ ~ 80℃Kiwango cha Chini:-15℃ ~ 150℃

Joto la Juu: -35 ℃ ~ 80 ℃

Kiwango cha Muunganisho Kiolesura cha hewa: NAMURMounting Hole: ISO5211 & DIN3337(F03-F25)
Maombi Valve ya Mpira, Valve ya Kipepeo & Mashine za Kuzunguka
Rangi ya Jalada Bluu, Nyeusi, Chungwa, Nyekundu & Rangi Zilizobinafsishwa kama mahitaji ya Mteja

Vipengele na Nyenzo za Kitendaji cha Nyumatiki

vsdv
Sehemu

Nambari

Kila moja

Nambari

Jina la Sehemu Nyenzo za Kawaida Nyenzo Zilizochaguliwa
01 1 Jalada la Kushoto Alumini

Kufa Casting

Chuma cha pua
02 1 Jalada la Kulia Alumini

Kufa Casting

Chuma cha pua
03 1 Mwili Alumini

extrusion

Chuma cha pua
04 2 Pistoni Alumini

Kufa Casting

----
05 1 Shimoni la Pato Chuma cha Carbon Chuma cha pua
06 1 Marekebisho ya kamera Chuma cha pua ----
07 2 O-ring(Jalada) NBR Mpira wa Fluorine au Silicone
08 2 O-pete (Pistoni) NBR Mpira wa Fluorine au Silicone
09 1 O-pete (chini ya shimoni la pato) NBR Mpira wa Fluorine au Silicone
10 1 O-pete (shimoni ya pato juu) NBR Mpira wa Fluorine au Silicone
11 2 O-pete (skrubu ya kurekebisha) NBR Mpira wa Fluorine au Silicone
12 2 Plug(Silinda) NBR Mpira wa Fluorine au Silicone
13 2 Kubeba (Pistoni) POM ----
14 1 Kuzaa(shimoni ya pato juu) POM ----
15 1 Kuzaa (chini ya shimoni la pato) POM ----
16 1 Mwongozo na Bearing(Piston Back) POM ----
17 2 fani za msukumo (shimoni ya pato) POM ----
18 2 Gasket (shimoni ya pato) Chuma cha pua ----
19 1 Pete ya faili inayoweza kubadilika Chuma cha pua ----
20 8 Bolt ya kifuniko Chuma cha pua ----
21 8 Funika Gasket Chuma cha pua ----
22 2 Gasket Chuma cha pua ----
23 2 Nut Chuma cha pua ----
24 2 Bolt ya kurekebisha Chuma cha pua ----
25 5-16 Vipengele vya Spring Aloi ya Chuma cha Spring ----
26 1 Kiashiria cha nafasi POM ----
27 1 Parafujo ya Kiashiria POM ----
 

 

 

 

AT - 160 S - K10 F10/12 P27 - 90 - B - A

A --- Daraja la Upinzani wa Kutu: A, B
B --- Halijoto ya Mazingira.: Standard-B, Halijoto ya Chini.: D, Halijoto ya Juu.: G
90 ---Angle ya Mzunguko: 00~900, 00~1200, 00~1800, 3 Nafasi, 00~450~900
P27 ---Msimbo wa Ukubwa wa Shaft: P-Star Square, H-Sambamba Shimo la Kinyume, W Matundu Mawili muhimu
F10/12 ---Muunganisho: ISO 5211, Ukubwa wa Flange: F03-F25
K10 ---Spring QTY: K5-K16, Haipatikani kwa Uigizaji Mbili
S ---Aina: D-Double Acting, S-Spring Return
160 ---Silinda Ukubwa:32-400
AT --- AT Series Pneumatic Actuator

AT Series Double Acting Rack na Pinion Pneumatic Actuator Torque(Nm)

ModelAir Pressure Shinikizo la Ugavi wa Hewa (Kitengo: Baa)
3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 7 8
AT-40D 5.7 6.7 7.6 8.6 9.5 10.5 11.4 13.3 15.2
AT-52D 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 22.0 24.0 28.0 32.0
AT-63D 21.0 24.5 28.0 31.5 35.0 38.5 42.0 49.0 56.0
AT-75D 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 70.0 80.0
AT-83D 45.7 53.3 61.0 68.6 76.2 83.8 91.4 106.7 121.9
AT-92D 67.4 78.7 89.9 101.2 112.4 123.6 134.9 157.4 179.8
AT-105D 97.6 113.9 130.2 146.4 162.7 179.0 195.2 227.8 260.3
AT-125D 152.2 177.6 203.0 228.3 253.7 279.1 304.4 355.2 405.9
AT-140D 260.3 303.7 347.0 390.4 433.8 477.2 520.6 607.3 694.1
AT-160D 396.6 462.7 528.8 594.9 661.0 727.1 793.2 925.4 1057.6
AT-190D 639.3 745.9 852.4 959.0 1065.5 1172.1 1278.6 1491.7 1704.8
AT-210D 781.0 911.2 1041.4 1171.5 1301.7 1431.9 1562.0 1822.4 2082.7
AT-240D 1147.6 1338.8 1530.1 1721.3 1912.6 2103.9 2295.1 2677.6 3060.2
AT-270D 1742.9 2033.4 2323.8 2614.3 2904.8 3195.3 3485.8 4066.7 4647.7
AT-300D 2390.8 2789.3 3187.8 3586.2 3984.7 4383.2 4781.6 5578.6 6375.5
AT-350D 3580 4176 4773 5369 5966 6563 7159 8352 9546
AT-400D 5100 5950 6800 7650 8500 9350 10200 11900 13600

AT Series Spring Return (Kaimu Mmoja) Rack na Pinion Pneumatic Actuator Torque(Nm)

Shinikizo la Hewa Torque ya Spring chemchemi Torque
Mfano Spring Q.ty Upau 2.5 Upau 3.0 Upau 3.5 Upau 4.0 Upau 4.5 Upau 5.0 Upau 5.5 Upau 6.0 Upau 7.0 Upau 8.0
00 900 00 900 00 900 00 900 00 900 00 900 00 900 00 900 00 900 00 900 900 00
AT-52S 5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
5.7
5.0
3.8
2.6
7.7
7.0
6.1
5.8
4.6
3.4
9.7
9.0
8.1
7.3
7.8
6.6
5.4
4.1
11.7
11.0
10.1
9.3
8.4
9.8
8.6
7.4
6.1
4.9
13.7
13.0
12.1
11.3
10.4
9.5
11.8
10.6
9.4
8.1
6.9
5.6
15.7
15.0
14.1
13.3
12.4
11.5
10.7
13.8
12.6
11.4
10.1
8.9
7.6
6.4
17
16.1
15.3
14.4
13.5
12.7
11.8
14.6
13.4
12.1
10.9
9.6
8.4
7.2
18.1
17.3
16.4
15.5
14.7
13.8
13.4
12.1
10.9
9.6
8.4
7.2
21.3
20.4
19.5
18.7
17.8
18.1
16.9
15.6
14.4
13.2
24.4
23.5
22.7
21.8
20.9
19.6
18.4
17.2
6.2
7.4
8.6
9.9
11.1
12.4
13.6
14.8
4.3
5
5.9
6.7
7.6
8.5
9.3
10.2
AT-63S 5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
10.7
9.3
7.1
5
14.2
12.8
11.4
10.6
8.5
6.4
17.7
16.3
14.9
13.6
14.1
12
9.9
7.8
21.2
19.8
18.4
17.1
15.7
17.6
15.5
13.4
11.3
9.2
24.7
23.3
21.9
20.6
19.2
17.8
21.1
19
16.9
14.8
12.7
10.6
28.2
26.8
25.4
24.1
22.7
21.3
20
24.6
22.5
20.4
18.3
16.2
14.1
12.1
30.3
28.9
27.6
26.2
24.8
23.5
22.1
26
23.9
21.8
19.7
17.6
15.6
13.5
32.4
31.1
29.7
28.3
27
25.6
23.9
21.8
19.7
17.6
15.6
13.5
38.1
36.7
35.3
34
32.6
32.3
30.2
28.1
26.1
24
43.7
42.3
41
39.6
37.2
35.1
33.1
31
10.4
12.5
14.6
16.7
18.8
20.9
22.9
25
6.8
8.2
9.6
10.9
12.3
13.7
15
16.4
AT-75S 5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14.5
12.3
10.5
7.6
19.5
17.3
15.2
15.5
12.6
9.7
24.5
22.3
20.2
18.1
20.5
17.6
14.7
11.8
29.5
27.3
25.2
23.1
21
25.5
22.6
19.7
16.8
13.9
34.5
32.3
30.2
28.1
26
23.9
30.5
27.6
24.7
21.8
18.9
16
39.5
37.3
35.2
33.1
31
28.9
26.8
35.5
32.6
29.7
26.8
23.9
21
18.1
42.3
40.2
38.1
36
33.9
31.8
29.7
37.6
34.7
31.8
28.9
26
23.1
20.3
45.2
43.1
41
38.9
36.8
34.7
34.7
31.8
28.9
26
23.1
20.3
53.1
51
48.9
46.8
44.7
46.8
43.9
41
38.1
35.3
61
58.9
56.8
54.7
53.9
51
48.1
45.3
14.5
17.4
20.3
23.2
26.1
29
31.9
34.7
10.5
12.7
14.8
16.9
19
21.1
23.2
25.3
AT-83S 5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
22.2
19
15
10.4
29.9
26.7
23.6
22.7
18.1
13.5
37.5
34.3
31.2
28
30.3
25.7
21.1
16.5
45.2
42
38.9
35.7
32.5
38
33.4
28.8
24.2
19.6
52.8
49.6
46.5
43.3
40.1
37
45.6
41
36.4
31.8
27.2
22.6
60.4
57.2
54.1
50.9
47.7
44.6
41.4
53.2
48.6
44
39.4
34.8
30.2
25.6
64.8
61.7
58.5
55.3
52.2
49
45.8
56.2
51.6
47
42.4
37.8
33.2
28.6
69.3
66.1
62.9
59.8
56.6
53.4
51.6
47
42.4
37.8
33.2
28.6
81.4
78.2
75.1
71.9
68.7
69.9
65.3
60.7
56.1
51.5
93.4
90.4
87.1
83.9
80.5
75.9
71.3
66.7
23
27.6
32.2
36.8
41.4
46
50.6
55.2
15.8
19
22.1
25.3
28.5
31.6
34.8
38

AT-92S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

32.8
28.1

21.7
14.9

44.1
39.4
34.7

33
26.2
19.3

55.4
50.7
46
41.4

44.3
37.5
30.6
23.7

66.6
61.9
57.2
52.6
47.9

55.5
48.7
41.8
34.9
28

77.9
73.2
68.5
63.9
59.2
54.5

66.8
60
53.1
46.2
39.3
32.5

89.1
84.4
79.7
75.1
70.4
65.7
61

78
71.2
64.3
57.4
50.5
43.7
36.8

95.6
90.9
86.3
81.6
76.9
72.2
67.6

82.4
75.5
68.6
61.7
54.9
48
41.1

102.2
97.6
92.9
88.2
83.5
78.9

75.5
68.6
61.7
54.9
48
41.1

120.1
115.4
110.7
106
101.4
102.4
95.5
88.7
81.8
74.9
137.8
133.1
128.4
123.8
117.9
111.1
104.2
97.3

34.4
41.2
48.1
55
61.9
68.7
75.6
82.5

23.3
28
32.7
37.3
42
46.7
51.4
56

AT-105S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

49.7
43.3

32.1
22.2

66
59.6
53.3

48.4
38.5
28.7

82.3
75.9
69.6
63.3

64.7
54.8
45
35.2

98.6
92.2
85.9
79.6
73.3

81
71.1
61.3
51.5
41.6

114.8
108.4
102.1
95.8
89.5
83.1

97.2
87.3
77.5
67.7
57.8
48

131.1
124.7
118.4
112.1
105.8
99.4
93.1

113.5
103.6
93.8
84
74.1
64.3
54.7

141
134.7
128.4
122.1
115.7
109.4
103.1

119.9
110.1
100.3
90.4
80.6
71
61

150.9
144.6
138.3
131.9
125.6
119.3

110.1
100.3
90.4
80.6
71
61

177.2
170.9
164.5
158.2
151.9
149.1
139.2
129.4
119.8
109.8
203.4
197
190.7
184.4
171.7
161.9
152.3
142.3

49.2
59.1
68.9
78.7
88.6
98.4
108
118

31.6
38
44.3
50.6
56.9
63.3
69.3
75.9

AT-125S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

74.8
63.8

47.8
32.8

100.2
89.2
79.2

73.2
58.2
42.2

125.6
114.6
104.6
93.6

98.6
83.6
67.6
52.6

151
140
130
119
109

124
109
93
78
62

176.3
165.3
155.3
144.3
134.3
123.3

149.3
134.3
118.3
103.3
87.3
71.3

201.7
190.7
180.7
169.7
159.7
148.7
138.7

174.7
159.7
143.7
128.7
112.7
96.7
80.7

216.1
206.1
195.1
185.1
174.1
164.1
154.1

185.1
169.1
154.1
138.1
122.1
106.1
91.1

231.4
220.4
210.4
199.4
189.4
179.4

169.1
154.1
138.1
122.1
106.1
91.1

271.2
261.2
250.2
240.2
230.2
230.2
214.2
198.2
182.2
167.2
311.9
300.9
290.9
280.9
264.9
248.9
232.9
217.9

79
94
110
125
141
157
173
188

52
63
73
84
94
105
115
125

AT-140S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

130.9
113.9

87.9
61.9

174.3
157.3
140.3

131.3
105.3
79.3

217.7
200.7
183.7
166.7

174.7
148.7
122.7
97.7

261
244
227
210
192

218
192
166
141
115

304.4
287.4
270.4
253.4
235.4
218.4

261.4
235.4
209.4
184.4
158.4
132.4

347.8
330.8
313.8
296.8
278.8
261.8
244.8

304.8
278.8
252.8
227.8
201.8
175.8
149.8

374.2
357.2
340.2
322.2
305.2
288.2
271.2

322.2
296.2
271.2
245.2
219.2
193.2
167.2

400.6
383.6
365.6
348.6
331.6
314.6

296.2
271.2
245.2
219.2
193.2
167.2

470.3
452.3
435.3
418.3
401.3
401.3
375.3
349.3
323.3
297.3
539.1
522.1
505.1
488.1
462.1
436.1
410.1
384.1

129
155
181
206
232
258
284
310

86
103
120
137
155
172
189
206

AT-160S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

190.5
162.5

122.5
80.5

256.6
228.6
200.6

188.6
146.6
104.6

322.7
294.7
266.7
239.7

254.7
212.7
170.7
129.7

388.8
360.8
332.8
305.8
277.8

320.8
278.8
236.8
195.8
153.8

454.9
426.9
398.9
371.9
343.9
315.9

386.9
344.9
302.9
261.9
219.9
177.9

521
493
465
438
410
382
354

453
411
369
328
286
244
203

559.1
531.1
504.1
476.1
448.1
420.1
392.1

477.1
435.1
394.1
352.1
310.1
269.1
227.1

597.2
570.2
542.2
514.2
486.2
458.2

435.1
394.1
352.1
310.1
269.1
227.1

702.4
674.4
646.4
618.4
590.4
592.4
550.4
508.4
467.4
425.4
806.6
778.6
750.6
722.6
682.6
640.6
599.6
557.6

208
250
292
333
375
417
458
500

140
168
196
223
251
279
307
335

AT-190S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

333
293

224
162

440
400
360

331
269
207

546
506
466
426

437
375
313
251

653
613
573
533
493

544
482
420
358
296

759
719
679
639
599
559

650
588
526
464
402
341

866
826
786
746
706
666
626

757
695
633
571
509
4448
386

933
893
853
813
773
733
693

802
740
678
616
555
493
431

999
959
919
879
839
799

740
678
616
555
493
431

1172
1132
1092
1052
1012
997
935
874
812
750
1346
1306
1266
1226
1149
1088
1026
964

309
371
433
495
557
618
680
742

200
240
280
320
360
400
440
480

AT-210S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

376
321

271
195

506
451
396

401
325
249

636
581
526
471

531
455
379
303

767
712
657
602
547

662
586
510
434
358

897
842
787
732
677
622

792
716
640
564
488
412

1027
972
917
862
807
752
697

922
546
770
694
618
542
466

1102
1047
992
937
882
827
772

976
900
824
748
672
596
520

1177
1122
1067
1012
957
902

900
824
748
672
596
520

1383
1328
1273
1218
1163
1215
1139
1063
987
911
1588
1533
1478
1423
1399
1323
1247
1171

380
456
532
608
684
760
836
912

275
330
385
440
495
550
605
660

AT-240S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

547
465

403
292

738
656
573

594
483
373

929
847
764
683

785
674
564
453

1120
1038
955
874
791

976
865
755
644
532

1312
1230
1147
1066
983
901

1168
1057
947
836
724
614

1503
1421
1338
1257
1174
1092
1010

1359
1248
1138
1027
915
805
694

1612
1529
1448
1365
1283
1201
1119

1439
1329
1218
1106
996
885
774

1721
1640
1557
1475
1393
1311

1329
1218
1106
996
885
774

2022
1939
1857
1775
1693
1792
1680
1570
1459
1348
2322
2240
2158
2076
2063
1953
1842
1731

554
665
775
886
998
1108
1219
1330

410
492
575
565
739
821
903
985

AT-270S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

892
780

665
509

1183
1071
960

956
800
642

1473
1361
1250
1138

1246
1090
932
775

1764
1652
1541
1429
1317

1537
1381
1223
1066
908

2054
1942
1831
1719
1607
1495

1827
1671
1513
1356
1198
1042

2345
2233
2122
2010
1898
1786
1674

2118
1962
1804
1647
1489
1333
1175

2523
2412
2300
2188
2076
1964
1853

2252
2094
1937
1779
1623
1465
1308

2703
2591
2479
2367
2255
2144

2094
1937
1779
1623
1465
1308

3172
3060
2948
2836
2725
2809
2651
2495
2337
2180
3641
3529
3417
3306
3232
3076
2918
2761

787
943
1101
1258
1416
1572
1730
1887

560
672
783
895
1007
1119
1231
1342

AT-300S

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

1263
1117

932
720

1661
1515
1369

1330
1118
906

2060
1914
1768
1622

1729
1517
1305
1093

2458
2312
2166
2020
1874

2127
1915
1703
1491
1279

2857
2711
2565
2419
2273
2127

2526
2314
2102
1890
1678
1465

3255
3109
2963
2817
2671
2525
2379

2924
2712
2500
2280
2076
1863
1651

3508
3362
3216
3070
2924
2778
2632

3111
2899
2687
2475
2262
2050
1838

3760
3614
3468
3322
3176
3030

2899
2687
2475
2262
2050
1838

4411
4265
4119
3973
3827
3882
3670
3457
3245
3033
5062
4916
4770
4624
4467
4254
4042
3830

1061
1273
1485
1697
1909
2122
2334
2546

730
876
1022
1168
1314
1460
1606
1752

Maswali Yanayoulizwa Mara kwa Mara ya Kiendesha Pneumatic:

Q1: Valve ya Nyuma haiwezi Kusonga?
A1: Angalia Valve ya Solenoid ni ya kawaida au la;
Jaribu actuator kando na usambazaji wa hewa;
Angalia nafasi ya kushughulikia.

Q2: Kitendaji cha Nyumatiki chenye mwendo wa polepole?
A2: Angalia ugavi wa hewa ni wa kutosha au la;
Jaribu Torque ya Kitendaji ni sawa au la kwa valve;
Angalia Valve coil au vipengele vingine ni tight sana au la;

Q3: Ungependa Kujibu Vifaa bila Mawimbi?
A3: Kagua na urekebishe mzunguko wa nguvu;
Rekebisha cam kwa msimamo sahihi;
Badilisha swichi ndogo.


  • Iliyotangulia:
  • Inayofuata:

  • Bidhaa Zinazohusiana